Dr. Kondwani Chidziwisano

Dr. Kondwani Chidziwisano

Co-author

Environmental Health

41 publications

Kondwani Chidziwisano is a lecturer and Research Fellow in the Department of Public and Environmental Health and WASHTED Centre respectively at the Malawi University of Business and Applied Sciences (MUBAS). Kondwani received his PhD from the University of Strathclyde, Scotland. He is an Environment...

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Validity and reliability of the Sanitation-related Quality of Life index (SanQoL-5) in six countries

Journal Article
Published 1 week ago, 53 views
Author
Fouzia Akter
Co-authors
Neiva Banze, Igor Capitine, Kondwani Chidziwisano, Jenala Chipungu, Catildo Cubai, Oliver Cumming, Robert Dreibelbis, Patrick Vidzo Katana, Cremildo Manhiça, Mindy Panulo, Priya Rampal, Anjali Sharma, Sheillah Simiyu, Abiy Tafesse, Dr. Kondwani Chidziwisano
Abstract
Sustainable Development Goal 6.2 measures sanitation progress by type of toilet service. Improving people’s subjective sanitation experiences is also important but rarely rigorously measured. The Sanitation-related Quality of Life index (SanQoL-5) combines answers to five simple questions (disgust, privacy, disease risk, shame and safety) into an overall score ranging from 0 to 1. Here we evaluated the validity and reliability of SanQoL-5 by interviewing 6,165 people across rural and urban areas of six countries: Ethiopia, India, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique and Zambia. We found good evidence for construct validity, with support (P < 0.05) for 87% of hypothesized associations between SanQoL-5 and toilet quality characteristics. In 75 intercountry comparisons, only 9% of instances showed evidence of meaningful differential item functioning, suggesting good cross-cultural comparability. SanQoL-5 conformed to expectations in item response theory models, and we found evidence of convergent, discriminant and known groups validity. SanQoL-5 can be used in impact evaluation, monitoring, needs assessment and benefit–cost analysis
Year of Publication
2025
Journal Name
Nature Water
Volume
000
Issue
000
Page Numbers
000
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